See berger on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "béc-giê"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bẹc-giê"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bergier",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French bergier",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bergier"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French bergier",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "vervēcārius"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vervēcārius",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vervēx",
"3": "ārius",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "vervēx + -ārius",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "berbecar"
},
"expansion": "Romanian berbecar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "bërgé"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese bërgé",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "berbecarju"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian berbecarju",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French bergier, from Late Latin vervēcārius, from vervēx + -ārius. Compare Romanian berbecar, Piedmontese bërgé, Sardinian berbecarju, berbecàlgiu, berbegarzu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bergers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergère",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "berger m (plural bergers, feminine bergère)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "fr:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "berger allemand"
},
{
"word": "bergerie"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shepherd"
],
"id": "en-berger-fr-noun-3vNzXXoN",
"links": [
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "brebis"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pasteur"
},
{
"word": "pâtre"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛʁ.ʒe/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-berger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Fr-berger.ogg/Fr-berger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Fr-berger.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-berger.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-berger.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"France",
"Toulouse"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-berger.wav",
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"tags": [
"France",
"Vosges"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-berger.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav.mp3",
"note": "Somain",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France"
]
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "en",
"3": "burger"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English burger",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English burger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bergers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"p": "bergers"
},
"expansion": "berger m (plural bergers)",
"name": "mt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mt",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "mt:Foods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hamburger"
],
"id": "en-berger-mt-noun-zIbYZeR6",
"links": [
[
"hamburger",
"hamburger"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛr.ɡɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɡɛr"
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verbf"
},
"expansion": "berger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "berge"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present of berge"
],
"id": "en-berger-nb-verb-E97maMqO",
"links": [
[
"berge",
"berge#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present"
]
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "berger allemand"
},
{
"word": "bergerie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "béc-giê"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bẹc-giê"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bergier",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French bergier",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bergier"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French bergier",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "vervēcārius"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vervēcārius",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vervēx",
"3": "ārius",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "vervēx + -ārius",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "berbecar"
},
"expansion": "Romanian berbecar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "bërgé"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese bërgé",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "berbecarju"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian berbecarju",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French bergier, from Late Latin vervēcārius, from vervēx + -ārius. Compare Romanian berbecar, Piedmontese bërgé, Sardinian berbecarju, berbecàlgiu, berbegarzu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bergers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergère",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "berger m (plural bergers, feminine bergère)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brebis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Occupations"
],
"glosses": [
"shepherd"
],
"links": [
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pasteur"
},
{
"word": "pâtre"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛʁ.ʒe/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-berger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Fr-berger.ogg/Fr-berger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Fr-berger.ogg"
},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-berger.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Toulouse"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-berger.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-berger.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-berger.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Vosges"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-berger.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav.mp3",
"note": "Somain",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-berger.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "en",
"3": "burger"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English burger",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English burger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bergers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"p": "bergers"
},
"expansion": "berger m (plural bergers)",
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}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese masculine nouns",
"Maltese nouns",
"Maltese terms borrowed from English",
"Maltese terms derived from English",
"Pages with 3 entries",
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],
"glosses": [
"hamburger"
],
"links": [
[
"hamburger",
"hamburger"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛr.ɡɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɡɛr"
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verbf"
},
"expansion": "berger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Bokmål verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "berge"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present of berge"
],
"links": [
[
"berge",
"berge#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present"
]
}
],
"word": "berger"
}
Download raw JSONL data for berger meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
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"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 165010174<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:29:16 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-04-01 using wiktextract (4d423fd and 9452535). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.